Analysis: UN chief, speaking to leaders, doesn’t mince words

By EDITH M. LEDERER
Associated Press

UNITED NATIONS (AP) — He sounded a global alarm, warning leaders about the survival of humanity and the planet. In language that was sometimes downright undiplomatic, he called out those he blames for the perilous state of the world.

It was Antonio Guterres’ strongest, most striking speech since he took the helm of the United Nations in 2017. And if you were the leader of a country, it was clear he wanted your undivided attention.

Guterres has spoken out often on growing geopolitical divisions, increasing inequality and the failure of nations to move quickly to tackle the climate crisis. But what was noticeable about his state-of-the-world speech Tuesday was its no-nonsense language, its gloomy tone and its focus not only on the breadth of challenges confronting “the splintering world” but his solutions — and his repeated plea to those in power that there is still hope and it’s time for action.

Guterres’ language was especially blunt when he lashed out at the growing divides in the world, saying “the international community is not ready or willing to tackle the big dramatic challenges of our age.” He then ticked them off — the war in Ukraine, spreading conficts, climate, money, ending extreme poverty and achieving quality education for all children.

The U.N. chief then took no-holds-barred aim at those he views as responsible.

Self-absorbed governments that are ignoring the U.N. Charter’s key principles of working together. Social media platforms ruled by profits that misinform, cause “untold damage” to people, communities and societies, and buy and sell data “to influence our behavior.” Artificial intelligence that “can compromise the integrity of information systems, the media and indeed democracy itself.”

There were more targets: the Group of 20 richest countries in the world that emit 80% of greenhouse gas emissions that cause global warming. The fossil fuel industry that reaps hundreds of billions of dollars while family budgets shrink and the planet burns. In a controversial proposal, he called on rich developed countries to tax these windfall profits and use the money to help countries suffering losses from the climate crisis and people struggling with rising food and energy prices.

“Polluters must pay,” Guterres said — unusually stark language for the world’s most prominent diplomat.

To review Guterres’ language this week — and to compare it to a year ago — is instructive in understanding why his speech this year was so singular.

Last year, as the COVID-19 pandemic still raged, the secretary-general was already warning presidents and prime ministers that the world faced “the greatest cascade of crises in our lifetime.” That was before Russia invaded Ukraine, sparking global food and energy crises and dividing the already splintered community of nations even further.

His warning this year was even more alarming: “Our world is in peril — and paralyzed.” And in perhaps his most dire warning, he said, “We have a duty to act. And yet we are gridlocked in colossal global dysfunction.”

David Scheffer, a former U.S. ambassador-at-large for war crimes issues, said the 2022 version of Guterres is “a truth-teller” for a world “that has reached a point where either we’re surviving or we’re going to perish.”

“It’s the most consequential speech by a secretary-general in the history of the United Nations,” said Scheffer, a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. “He set out not only the crises of our time, but he sent out a clarion call to ensure the survival of both humanity and of the planet.”

He said Guterres abandoned “the niceties of diplomacy” and predicted that his speech will become known as the “survival” address.

“He basically said, `wake up,’ and he was not ambiguous about it,” Scheffer told The Associated Press. No leader, he said, can ignore or challenge “anything that the secretary-general said today without being regarded as an irrelevant leader at this time in history.”

Richard Gowan, U.N. director of the International Crisis Group, said he thought it was a “gloomy speech,” but he allowed that Guterres “has a lot to be gloomy about.”

“I do think he feels it’s urgent to speak as frankly as possible,” Gowan said. “His overarching goal was clearly to try to confront world leaders with the poor state of international cooperation and threats to the planet. I thought he did that pretty effectively, but he has made similarly dire warnings in the past with little real impact on international relations.”

For the first time at the high-level meeting, a secretary-general projected an image before world leaders to illustrate his speech — a picture of the first U.N.-chartered ship carrying grain from Ukraine. The Brave Commander was part of the deal between Ukraine and Russia that the United Nations and Turkey helped broker. It traveled from a Black Sea port to the Horn of Africa, where millions of people are on the edge of famine.

Guterres called it an example of promise and hope “in a world teeming with turmoil.” He stressed that that cooperation and dialogue are the only path forward, and he warned that “no power or group alone can call the shots.”

“Guterres has long been known to feel that the U.N. needs a couple of clear diplomatic wins to restore confidence in the utility of multilateralism,” Gowan said. “The grain deal gave him that win, and he used it well as a hook for his talk.”

A talk that will go down in U.N. history as something very different — no matter what direction the world goes from here.

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Edith M. Lederer, chief United Nations correspondent since 1998, has been covering international affairs for more than a half-century. For more AP coverage of the U.N. General Assembly, visit https://apnews.com/hub/united-nations-general-assembly